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br Implementation of sacubitril valsartan into clinical prac
2024-09-28
Implementation of sacubitril/valsartan into clinical practice Following on from the results of PARADIGM-HF, sacubitril/valsartan was given regulatory approval for use in patients who conform to the main inclusion criteria of the trial; NYHA functional class II–IV, reduced left ventricular ejectio
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Expression of Twist and the AR are increased by oxidative
2024-09-28
Expression of Twist1 and the AR are increased by oxidative stress, but the change in the receptor (mRNA/protein) is lost after treatment with siRNAs that target Twist 1 (Shiota et al., 2010). Twist 1 was found to bind to E-boxes, 5′-CANNTG-3′, in the proximal promoter (−442 to +51 bp) and upstream r
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br Pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease
2024-09-28
Pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease Alzheimer disease is characterized by severe neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and progressive loss of cognitive abilities. The diagnostic criteria for dementia released by the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association define dementia as the deve
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These mutations induce the gene auto activation in
2024-09-28
These mutations induce the gene auto-activation in 10–40% of adenocarcinomas, triggering the EGFR-signaling pathway in the absence of ligand. That leads to an uncontrolled acceleration of cell proliferation, survival and anti-apoptotic signals (Couraud et al., 2012). The frequency of these mutations
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Furthermore stress hormones can indirectly induce
2024-09-28
Furthermore, stress hormones can indirectly induce DNA damage, for example by altering DNA repair and transcriptional regulation of the cell cycle. It has been found that stress hormones induce the up-regulation of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) and proto-oncogene cell di
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Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused
2024-09-27
Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused by toxic agents can be determined by measuring certain enzymes released by damaged cells [8]. The cholinesterases, for example, catalyze the hydrolysis of UCF 101 (ACh) in choline and acetic acid. Theses enzymes are divided into two types: t
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It is well accepted that PKA is a key
2024-09-27
It is well accepted that PKA is a key enzyme activated at the beginning of the capacitation process [69]. As mentioned above phosphorylation/inactivation of cofilin in sperm is a PKA dependent process [58]. We could not see any change in cofilin phosphorylation level by adding the PKA activator 8Br-
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Even within the context of evidence
2024-09-27
Even within the context of evidence-based interventions for tobacco screening, the science is imperfect. For example, patients who screen positive for current smoking should receive cessation counseling and prescribed known effective nicotine replacement therapy based on the Public Health Services G
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NSAIDs induce gastrointestinal toxicity and evoke asthma by
2024-09-27
NSAIDs induce gastrointestinal toxicity and evoke 3254 by decreasing the production of gastroprotective prostanoids and by redirecting the COX substrate AA into LT biosynthesis, thereby causing vasoconstriction in gastric mucosa and airways (Celotti and Laufer, 2001; Koeberle and Werz, 2015; Rainsf
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Similar to V the temporal
2024-09-27
Similar to V1, the temporal neocortex of mammals, including the primary auditory cortex (A1), is densely innervated by 5-HT fibers originating mainly in the dorsal raphe nucleus (Campbell et al., 1987, Harding and Paxinos, 2004, Törk, 1990), and the major Fmoc-Gln(Trt)-OH sale of 5-HTRs are expresse
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Additionally in a previous transgenic model with autotaxin u
2024-09-27
Additionally, in a previous transgenic model with autotaxin under the control of the MMTV-LTR promoter, aberrant expression of human autotaxin caused late-onset, metastatic breast cancer [5]. The AT-ATX transgenic model is analogous to the previous one because ∼30% of all spontaneous tumors appeared
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br Viral manipulation of host factors to
2024-09-27
Viral manipulation of host factors to oppose anti-viral autophagy To escape or manipulate autophagy, some viruses developed strategies that are based on the recruitment of host-cell endogenous factors. The non-enveloped double-stranded DNA virus adenovirus is rapidly endocytosed after attachment.
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Herbal medicines have been used to
2024-09-27
Herbal medicines have been used to treat various types of diseases and disorders for thousands of years worldwide (Li and Brown, 2009). Natural products have been the remedy of cancer chemotherapy for the past several decades. Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze. (Labiatae), commonly known as 'yu-chen-tsa
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br Materials and methods br
2024-09-27
Materials and methods Results and discussion During recent years, recombinant ASK1 has been obtained by expensive baculovirus-insect cell KY 02111 systems [20], [27]. In the present study, we constructed recombinant ASK1 and expressed in active form at high level in E. coli. Human ASK1 catal
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af555 br ABCA mRNA expression is elevated
2024-09-26
ABCA2 mRNA expression is elevated in Niemann-Pick type C and familial hypercholesterolemia fibroblasts Niemann-Pick Type C disease is a neurological disorder of adolescents due to autosomal-recessive mutations in either one or both Niemann-Pick-2 (NPC2) and NPC1 genes, which, like ABCA2, are loca
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