• Because of the lack of sequence current knowledge

  2021-03-23

  

  Because of the lack of sequence, current knowledge on the cellular regulation of CoA-IT is scarce. However, recent work has suggested an interesting new role for CoA-IT in regulating the extent of the AA mobilization response in primed macrophages. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a poor trigge

• Previous studies demonstrated that cPLA translocates to

  2021-03-23

  

  Previous studies demonstrated that cPLA2α translocates to the phagosomal membrane during macrophage phagocytosis through mechanisms that, in humans, involve phosphorylation of the enzyme by c-Jun N-terminal kinases and membrane association via the cationic cluster of four lysine residues present at

• ApoE is secreted from astrocytes

  2021-03-23

  

  ApoE is secreted from astrocytes/glia into the interstitial fluid and is important for metabolizing Aβ because of its propensity for binding Aβ as a cholesterol and phospholipid acceptor in reverse cholesterol transport [8]. Aβ oligomers show a direct toxicity to neurons, and ApoE inhibits oligomer

• br Materials and Methods br Acknowledgements br Introduction

  2021-03-23

  

  Materials and Methods Acknowledgements Introduction The discoidin domain receptors, DDR1 and DDR2, are two closely related receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that contain a discoidin (DS) homology domain in their extracellular regions. The DDRs were initially discovered by homology cloning ba

• WNV a member of the genus

  2021-03-23

  

  WNV, a member of the genus Flavivirus within the family Flaviviridae, was first isolated in 1937 from a febrile woman in the West Nile region of Uganda (Brinton, 2002). Until 1999, WNV was mainly confined to Southern Europe, the Middle East, Africa, West and Central Asia, Indonesia and Australia. In

• Generally glycines and other small residues such as alanine

  2021-03-23

  

  Generally, glycines (and other small residues such as alanine) present in a helical GxxxG-motif that are facing the same side of the helix form a uniform surface that enables direct contact with a second helix. Crystal structures of multipass membrane proteins have demonstrated that GxxxG-motifs are

• Due to the high attractiveness of E

  2021-03-23

  

  Due to the high attractiveness of E2 and E3 ligases as drug targets, a number of drug discovery assays have been published, based on detection by fluorescence (Dudgeon et al., 2010, Krist et al., 2016, Zhang et al., 2004), daunorubicin (Davydov et al., 2004, Huang et al., 2005, Kenten et al., 2005,

• The authors identified inhibitors of

  2021-03-23

  

  The authors identified inhibitors of SUMOylation using two assays to monitor the conjugation of SUMO1 to RanGAP1 by E1 and E2 enzymes: a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) primary screen that evaluated over 250,000 compounds and a chemiluminescence secondary screen. A counter screen was u

• The most significant source of

  2021-03-23

  

  The most significant source of DAG originates from the PLC family of enzymes, which produces DAG in an agonist-regulated reaction. PLCs constitute a wide family of enzymes acting on both phosphatidilinositols (PI) and phosphatidilcoline (PC) (Li et al., 2010) in the plasma membrane and other intrace

• br Introduction br Sphingolipid metabolism Sphingolipids are

  2021-03-23

  

  Introduction Sphingolipid metabolism Sphingolipids, are fundamental constituents of all eukaryotic membranes and their metabolism is carried out by a broad array of anabolic and Nicotinamide with ceramide as their hub (for a review, (Hannun and Obeid, 2018)). Ceramide can be formed by multipl

• Here we examine the associations

  2021-03-23

  

  Here, we examine the associations between serum pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cognitive functioning in early-stage bipolar I disorder (BDI) patients. As per previous studies, ‘early-stage’ was defined as being within three years of the first manic episode (Kauer-Sant'Anna et al., 2009). We

• Cysteine protease activities have been

  2021-03-23

  

  Cysteine protease activities have been suggested to be important for Giardia’s pathogenesis [[11], [12], [13],16,18,19,21,28,29,35]. Recently several giardial CPs were shown to be released during host cell interactions [9,10]. The three major released CPs have recently been shown to be involved in t

• CIC mediated chemoresistance is driven by several

  2021-03-23

  

  CIC-mediated chemoresistance is driven by several factors. In our quest to learn about these, we examined the crucial mediators identified earlier in the regulation of CSC survival and chemoresistance, such as BCL2, cleaved Caspase-3, COX-2, and macrophages. Interestingly, we observed a significantl

• It is now known that

  2021-03-22

  

  It is now known that cholinergic signaling plays a vital role in controlling many peripheral functions including skeletal and smooth muscle contraction, autonomic postganglionic neuron activation, parasympathetic end-organ activation (e.g., salivary, lacrimal and bronchial glands), regulation of car

• As the primary model we selected

  2021-03-22

  

  As the primary model we selected LDL-receptor knockout mice because these resemble the human plasma lipoprotein profile more closely. Currently, genetic models with reduced milk cholesterol content, which mimic cholesterol-free formula feeding, are unavailable. Thus, instead of modifying milk choles

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